PSRR/PSNR/PSMR

Focuses on power supply rejection and modulation metrics, including measurement and interpretation of PSRR, PSNR, and PSMR in amplifiers, converters, and systems.


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  • PSRR Testing with the J2120A Line Injector

    Dealing with Line Injection Issues Here is information on the Power Supply Rejection Ratio (‘PSRR’) measurement setup using the J2120A line injector. Depending on…

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  • Analog Output Signal Modulated by VRMs

    Masashi Nogawa’s latest article examines how the output noise signal of RF or analog electronic components is affected by disturbances in their power supply…

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  • How to Test PSRR, PSNR and PSMR for Sensitive Applications, Including Optical Transceivers

    Click here to download the paper Presented by: Steven M. Sandler, Managing Director, Picotest Originally presented on October 5, 2022 during EDI CON Online…

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  • Measuring Converter Input Impedance Using Picotest Tools

    To design a stable input filter for a switching converter, measuring input impedance is crucial. Picotest’s J2121A High Power Line Injector simplifies this by…

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  • Ultra-Low Impedance Measurement: Testing and Optimizing with the J2114A

    Ultra-Low Impedance Measurement: Testing and Optimizing with the J2114A – High CMRR Isolation Amplifier – Ground Loop Breaker Testing ultra-low impedance is critical to…

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  • Power Integrity Testing Requirements Introduce Extreme Interconnect Measures

    Power Integrity (PI) engineers are familiar with the ground shield effect in the 2-port shunt through measurement. If not, there are many papers, articles,…

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  • EDACafe Bunker Broadcast – Steve Sandler Discusses Testing 2000 Amp Chips with Sanjay Gangal

    Check out this EDA Cafe Interview with Steven Sandler, CEO of Picotest. He discusses their 2,000 Amp ultra-high speed ASIC emulator (in-socket load) –…

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  • Evaluating Voltage Regulator Stability Using Step Load Testing

    Engineers are busy replacing and updating their aged PC boards that use traditional transistors, typically super-junction silicon MOSFETs and Insulated-Gate Bipolar Transistors (IGBTs). One…

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  • Power Integrity: Ensuring Clean and Stable Power Supplies

    The stability and cleanliness, from a noise perspective, of power sources are vital for the reliable operation of modern electronics. Power Integrity (‘PI’),  is…

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  • PSRR in the Real World

    Masashi Nogawa, Sr. Member of Technical Staff, Qorvo Published on Microwave Journal.com Explore the world of RF power supply and the challenges that power…

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  • Load Regulation, Vout/Iout, and Output Impedance

    Published October 6, 2023 Masashi Nogawa, Sr. Member of Technical Staff, Qorvo In this article, we’re taking a short break from talking about Power…

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  • RF Signal Integrity to Power Integrity 

    Here is the complete collection of Marashi Nogawa’s series focusing on RF Signal Integrity to Power Integrity. Each article provides you with an investigation…

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  • Application Note – Port Saver – The Smart DC Block

    Most instruments don’t tolerate high voltages well. High bandwidth oscilloscopes, spectrum analyzers, and vector network analyzers can easily be damaged by less than 5V.…

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  • Noise Immunity Testing: Unveiling the Power and Benefits of P2124A High-Speed Water-Cooled GaN Probe

    In precision measurement and power integrity testing, engineers face the constant challenge of ensuring accurate and reliable results in high-speed modulation designs. At Picotest,…

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  • Picotest Releases New Power Stage Isolator – Tests Plant Gain

    The J2103A POwer Stage Isolator allows you to measure power supply open-loop and control loop gain including plant gain. The J2103A Power Stage Isolator is a…

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  • Test Training Available from Picotest

    Did you know Picotest has published a variety of training aids for engineers looking to learn power supply and power integrity testing methods? This…

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  • Picotest’s New P2124A PSRR/PSMR/PSNR Water-Cooled GaN Probe at OFC

    Pavel Zivny, Tektronix, explains the Picotest P2124A Noise Immunity Probe test setup shown in the Tektronix booth at the OFC (Optical Networking and Communication…

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  • Picotest Releases the World’s First Water-Cooled Electrical Probe for High-Speed Test Applications

    The P2124A High Speed Line Modulator is the first water-cooled probe for electronics testing. Its creation is yet another testament to Plato’s axiom that…

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  • DesignCon Spring Break Webinar Series: Power Integrity: Analyze Impedance to Improve Power Delivery, SI & EMI

    Overview Title: Power Integrity: Analyze Impedance to Improve Power Delivery, SI & EMI Available on demand Duration: 1 hour Summary Join DesignCon in this webinar series presented by…

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  • New J2161A Brings 2-Port Shunt-Through Impedance Measurement to Scopes

    August 7, 2019 Phoenix, AZ: Picotest.com, a leader in high resolution test and measurement equipment, has released the J2161A, 2-Way Wideband Active Splitter. This accessory…

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  • Picotest Bundle Supports Tektronix, Keysight, Siglent, and Rohde & Schwarz Scope FRA Features – Bode Plots and PSRR Testing

    We have an FRA Bundle of signal injectors that enables Bode plots and PSRR (power supply rejection ratio) measurements for Keysight, Tektronix, Siglent, and…

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  • New Common Mode Transformer Solves PDN 2-Port Shunt-Through Measurement Hurdle

    We have released an updated common mode transformer, or ground loop isolator, that provides the best isolation for low-impedance power distribution network (PDN) measurements.…

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  • Picotest Expands Line of PSRR Line Injectors Adding Inductor and Input Impedance Testing

    We have released a new line injector for PSRR (power supply rejection ratio), DC-biased inductor, and DC-DC converter input impedance testing. The J2121A is…

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  • New Semi-Floating Differential Amp Solves PDN 2-Port Shunt Thru Measurement Hurdle

    December 19, 2017, Phoenix, Arizona: Picotest.com, a leader in high resolution test and measurement equipment, has released a new solid-state Semi-Floating Amplifier (SFA), or ground…

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  • PICOTEST NEWSLETTER 1/2015

    Picotest Announces Transmission Line Probes Solve Loading/Cable & Load Step Issues Picotest’s 1 and 2 Port 50 ohm transmission line probes are now available. These…

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  • Techniques for accurate PSRR measurements

    By John Rice, System Engineer, Texas Instruments and Steve Sandler, Managing Director, Picotest IntroductionIn theory, measuring the power-supply-rejection ratio (PSRR) is relatively simple. A…

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  • Troubleshooting Distributed Power Systems: Using Current Injectors (Part 5 of the ongoing video series.)

    Previous videos in this series discussed the use of vector network analyzers (VNAs) to measure impedance using one- or two-port configurations. This video discusses…

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  • Five Things Every Engineer Should Know About PDN

    We generally associate the Power Distribution Network (“PDN”) with the power circuits used to drive CPUs and FPGAs.  The increasing use of FPGAs in…

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  • FAQ#25: How do you measure PSRR of a linear regulator circuit that powers an oscillator for an ADC? How can I make this measurement using an oscilloscope?

    Steve Sandler Answers Your PSRR Questions (Power Electronics’ Q&A Series Follow Up) Earlier this month Power Electronics received a question about “How to measure…

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  • Troubleshooting Distributed Power Systems: Why Stability Matters (Part 1 of the ongoing video series.)

    Control-loop stability impacts power supply performance in multiple ways. Even if the control loop is not oscillating, poor stability—as evidenced by low phase margin—in…

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  • FAQ #23 What Injectors do I need for PDN Measurements?

    Our J2112A current injector has been the most requested product to date.  It provides a very fast low current pulse, though based on a…

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  • Clock Power Optimization Depends On Jitter Control

    Clock-jitter performance has become a top priority among clock, analog-to-digital controller (ADC), and power-supply manufacturers. Why? Simply, it interferes with the performance of digital…

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  • Measuring Op Amp PSRR

    In this article we detail the process of measuring a key performance characteristic of operational amplifiers (Op Amps), power supply rejection ratio or “PSRR”,…

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  • Measuring the Output Impedance of Voltage References and Zener Diodes

    In this article we examine the process of measuring a key performance characteristic, output impedance, using the Picotest J2130 DC Dias Injector and the…

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  • Measuring the PSRR of Voltage References

    In this article we detail the process of measuring a key performance characteristic of voltage references, power supply rejection ratio or “PSRR”, using the…

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  • Power Supply Measurement Techniques Instructional Videos: PSRR Measurement using the J2120A Line Injector

    The instructional video demonstrates the PSRR measurement of a voltage regulator using the Picotest J2120A Line Injector and also discusses what the measurement represents.…

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  • Step-by-Step Guide to Measuring PSRR Using a Network Analyzer and the Line Injector

    This application note shows how the Power Supply Rejection Ratio, or PSRR, of a linear voltage regulator (LM317) can be measured using the Picotest…

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  • Signal Injection Transformers – What makes them special?

    In this article we’ll take a look at what makes the signal injection transformer special, why an audio or video transformer is not a…

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  • Broad Injector Product Line Eases Power Supply Stability Analysis

    Developed to aid power supply designers in control-loop stability analysis, Picotest’s line of signal injectors are being introduced as the “most flexible and sophisticated…

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